Ukuqeda umlutha we-cocaine

Ukuqeda umlutha we-cocaine

Ososayensi baseJohns Hopkins University bathole indlela eyayingaziwa ngaphambili yokusebenza kwe-cocaine ebuchosheni, engavula umnyango wokwakhiwa kwezinhlobo ezintsha zokwelapha zokuluthwa izidakamizwa, kubika i-New Atlas, icaphuna iphephabhuku i-PNAS.

I-cocaine receptors ebuchosheni

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi indlela etholakele ibonakala isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kumagundane abesilisa nabesifazane. I-cocaine yaziwa ngokusebenzisana nama-synapses ebuchosheni, ivimbela ama-neurons ekutholeni i-dopamine, i-neurotransmitter yamakhemikhali ehambisana nemizwa yomvuzo nenjabulo. I-Dopamine buildup kuma-synapses yenza imizwa eyakhayo ihlale isikhathi eside, ibambe abazwelayo ekuluthweni kwe-cocaine.

Ukuthola izindlela zokuvimba lo mshini kudala kuhlongozwa njengendlela yokwelapha engase ibe khona yokuphazamiseka kokusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine, kodwa kube nzima ukukhomba ama-receptors athile umuthi ongawaqondisa. Iphrotheni eyaziwa ngokuthi i-dopamine transporter DAT kwakuyikhandidethi elisobala kakhulu, kodwa kuvele ukuthi i-cocaine ibopha kulo kancane kancane, okusho ukuthi kusene-receptors ehlobene kakhulu ne-cocaine engakahlonzwa.

I-BASP1 receptor

Kuze kube manje, abacwaningi bakwaJohns Hopkins bahlole amangqamuzana obuchopho begundane akhule esitsheni saselabhorethri futhi atholakala ku-cocaine. Amaseli abekwe phansi ukuze ahlolelwe ama-molecule athile aboshwe enanini elincane lomuthi - futhi kwavela isamukeli esibizwa nge-BASP1.

Khona-ke ithimba labacwaningi lalungisa izakhi zofuzo zamagundane ukuze aqukathe kuphela ingxenye yenani elivamile lama-receptors e-BASP1 endaweni yobuchopho babo ebizwa ngokuthi i-striatum, edlala indima ezinhlelweni zokuvuza. Lapho amagundane enikezwa imithamo ephansi ye-cocaine, ukumuncwa kwehliswa kwaba cishe ingxenye yenani uma kuqhathaniswa namagundane avamile. Abacwaningi baphinde baphakamise ukuthi ukuziphatha kwamagundane alungisiwe cishe kuyingxenye yezinga lokukhuthazwa elihlinzekwa yi-cocaine, uma kuqhathaniswa namagundane avamile.

Isithiyo se-Estrogen

USolomon Snyder, umbhali ngokubambisana wocwaningo, uthe lokhu okutholakele kuphakamisa ukuthi i-BASP1 iyisamukeli esinesibopho semiphumela ye-cocaine, okusho ukuthi ukwelapha ngezidakamizwa okungalingisa noma ukuvimba isamukeli se-BASP1 kungalawula izimpendulo ku-cocaine ukuze kuqedwe ukulutheka.

Abacwaningi baqaphele ukuthi umphumela wokuqeda i-BASP1 ubonakala ushintsha kuphela impendulo ye-cocaine kumagundane abesilisa, kuyilapho abesifazane bengabonisi noma yimuphi umehluko ekuziphatheni okusekelwe emazingeni okwamukela, ikakhulukazi njengoba i-BASP1 receptor ibophezela ku-hormone yesifazane i-estrogen, engaphazamisa indlela, ngakho ithimba lihlela ucwaningo olwengeziwe nokuhlolwa ukuze kunqobe lesi sithiyo.

Abacwaningi banethemba lokuthola izidakamizwa zokwelapha ezingavimba i-cocaine ebopha i-BASP1 receptor, engagcina iholele ekwelashweni okusha kokuphazamiseka kokusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine.