Ukuphelisa ubukhoboka be-cocaine

Ukuphelisa ubukhoboka be-cocaine

Izazinzulu kwiYunivesithi yaseJohns Hopkins ziye zafumanisa indlela eyayingaziwa ngaphambili yokusebenza kwe-cocaine engqondweni, enokuthi ivule umnyango wokuphuhlisa uhlobo olutsha lonyango lokusebenzisa iziyobisi, i-Atlas entsha ibika, icaphula iphephancwadi PNAS.

I-cocaine receptors kwingqondo

Kuyanika umdla ukuba indlela efunyenweyo ibonakala isebenza ngokwahlukileyo kwiimpuku zamadoda nabasetyhini. I-Cocaine iyaziwa ngokusebenzisana ne-synapses kwingqondo, ukuthintela i-neurons ekufumaneni i-dopamine, i-neurotransmitter yemichiza ehambelana neemvakalelo zomvuzo kunye nolonwabo. Ukwakhiwa kwe-dopamine kwii-synapses kwenza iimvakalelo ezakhayo zihlale ixesha elide, zibambisa abantu abanovelwano kubukhoboka be-cocaine.

Ukufumana iindlela zokuthintela lo matshini kudala kucetywa njengonyango olunokubakho lokuphazamiseka kokusetyenziswa kwe-cocaine, kodwa bekunzima ukuchonga ii-receptors ezithile ezinokujoliswa lichiza. Iprotheyini eyaziwa ngokuba yi-dopamine transporter DAT yayingoyena mgqatswa ucacileyo, kodwa kuye kwavela ukuba i-cocaine ibophelela kuyo ngobuthathaka, okuthetha ukuba kusekho ii-receptors ezihambelana kakhulu ne-cocaine engekachongwa.

BASP1 receptor

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abaphandi bakaJohns Hopkins bavavanye iiseli zengqondo zempuku ezikhule kwisitya selabhoratri kwaye zavezwa kwicocaine. Iiseli zaziphantsi ukuze zivavanyelwe iimolekyuli ezithile ezibotshelelwe kwiimali ezincinci zechiza - kunye ne-receptor ebizwa ngokuba yi-BASP1.

Emva koko iqela labaphandi badibanisa ijene yeempuku ukuze babe nesiqingatha kuphela sesiqhelo se-BASP1 receptors kwindawo yobuchopho babo ebizwa ngokuba yi-striatum, edlala indima kwiinkqubo zomvuzo. Xa iimpuku zanikwa iidosi eziphantsi ze-cocaine, ukufunxa kwancitshiswa ukuya kwisiqingatha semali xa kuthelekiswa neempuku eziqhelekileyo. Abaphandi bakwacebisa ukuba indlela yokuziphatha kweempuku malunga nesiqingatha senqanaba lovuselelo olunikezwa yicocaine, xa kuthelekiswa neempuku eziqhelekileyo.

Umqobo weEstrogen

USolomon Snyder, umbhali-mbhali wophononongo, uthe ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-BASP1 yi-receptor enoxanduva lweziphumo ze-cocaine, nto leyo ethetha ukuba unyango lweziyobisi olunokulinganisa okanye ukuvimba i-BASP1 receptor lunokulawula iimpendulo kwi-cocaine ukulahla umlutha.

Abaphandi baqaphele ukuba isiphumo sokuphelisa i-BASP1 sibonakala sitshintsha kuphela impendulo kwi-cocaine kwiimpuku zamadoda, ngelixa abafazi bengakhange babonise naluphi na umahluko kwindlela yokuziphatha esekelwe kumanqanaba e-receptor, ngakumbi kuba i-BASP1 i-receptor ibophelela kwi-hormone ye-estrogen, enokuphazamisana nayo. umatshini, ngoko ke iqela licwangcisa uphando oluninzi kunye nemifuniselo ukoyisa lo mqobo.

Abaphandi banethemba lokufumana amayeza onyango anokuthintela ukubophelela kwe-cocaine kwi-BASP1 receptor, enokuthi ekugqibeleni ikhokelele kunyango olutsha lokuphazamiseka kokusetyenziswa kwe-cocaine.